Salkantay trek

Salkantay Trek

The Salkantay Trail is one of the most exciting and unique routes to reach Machu Picchu. This journey offers an exceptional combination of breathtaking landscapes, challenging terrain, and the opportunity to connect with local culture. Over the course of several days, the trail crosses snow-capped mountains, cloud forests, and a wide variety of stunning natural scenery, culminating in the iconic site of Machu Picchu. For those seeking a different kind of adventure, the Salkantay Trail is an excellent alternative to the traditional Inca Trail.
Below, you will find all the essential information to help you make the most of this experience: what to pack, what to expect, and the highlights along the way. Get ready for an unforgettable adventure in the heart of Peru.

Salkantay Trail

The Salkantay Trail stands out as one of the most thrilling and distinctive routes to reach the majestic citadel of Machu Picchu. This remarkable trek combines awe-inspiring scenery, physically demanding paths, and meaningful encounters with local culture. Over several unforgettable days, travelers journey through snow-capped mountains, misty cloud forests, and a rich variety of breathtaking natural landscapes—culminating in the awe-inspiring arrival at Machu Picchu.
For those in search of a unique and less-traveled experience, the Salkantay Trail offers a compelling alternative to the classic Inca Trail.
We’ve gathered all the key information you need to prepare for this extraordinary adventure: what to bring, what to expect, and the highlights that await you along the way. Get ready to embark on an unforgettable journey through the heart of Peru.

Where Is It Located?

Mount Salkantay is located approximately 100 kilometers (about 62 miles) northeast of the city of Cusco, in the Vilcabamba mountain range—one of the most prominent formations in the Peruvian Andes. This stunning range is home to some of the region’s highest and most scenic peaks, including the majestic Salkantay itself.

Thanks to its geographical significance and breathtaking natural beauty, the area has become a popular destination for hiking and mountaineering enthusiasts. Many adventurers set out along various routes to explore its surroundings or even attempt to reach the summit.

What Does “Salkantay” Mean?

The name Salkantay comes from the Quechua language and is commonly translated as “wild mountain” or “savage mountain.” The word sallqa means “wild” or “untamed,” while antay has various interpretations. Some studies suggest it may refer to the Andes, while others associate it with the meaning “the one that causes avalanches.”

This name reflects not only the powerful forces of nature that the mountain represents, but also the deep respect and reverence it has historically inspired among local communities.

History of Salkantay  MOUNTAIN

Mount Salkantay has been revered since ancient times by the Andean peoples, particularly by the Inca civilization. The Incas regarded it as an Apu—a sacred mountain believed to possess a living spirit whose role was to protect nearby communities and guide their lives. This profound respect for Salkantay has endured through the centuries and continues to be expressed today in various traditional rituals. During these ceremonies, local inhabitants invoke its energy to seek protection, good harvests, and well-being for their families.

Beyond its spiritual significance, Salkantay has also played an important role in the history of Andean routes. Although it is not part of the classic Inca Trail, the so-called Salkantay Trek has gained considerable popularity in recent decades, establishing itself as a prominent alternative. The route offers travelers spectacular scenery and a deeply authentic connection to both nature and the Andean worldview.

With its towering snow-capped peak and surroundings steeped in symbolism, Mount Salkantay remains a powerful emblem of Peru’s rich cultural, spiritual, and natural heritage.

Facts About Salkantay

The Salkantay Trail leads hikers through majestic Andean landscapes to the town of Aguas Calientes—also known as Machu Picchu Pueblo—from where visitors can access the iconic Inca citadel of Machu Picchu.

This route takes its name from the towering Mount Salkantay, which rises to an altitude of 6,271 meters (20,574 feet) above sea level, making it one of the highest peaks in southern Peru.

The Salkantay Trail has earned international acclaim for its dramatic natural setting and cultural richness. Notably, National Geographic Adventure ranked it among the 25 best trekking routes in the world.

The trek spans approximately 60 kilometers (about 43 miles), with durations ranging from 5 to 7 days, depending on the chosen itinerary and the pace of the group. It is a physically demanding but incredibly rewarding experience that immerses travelers in the geography, history, and spiritual essence of the Peruvian Andes.

Salkantay Trek to Machu Picchu

The Salkantay Trail—also known as the Salkantay Trek to Machu Picchu—is one of the most thrilling and challenging hiking routes leading to the iconic Inca citadel. Unlike the traditional and often crowded Inca Trail, this alternative offers an equally breathtaking experience, distinguished by greater serenity, authenticity, and a closer connection to the Andean wilderness.

The trek typically spans five days and covers approximately 60 kilometers (about 37 miles). The journey begins near the majestic Mount Salkantay and takes travelers through a stunning variety of landscapes: lush green valleys, rushing rivers, crystal-clear lagoons, and dense cloud forests. As hikers progress along the trail, they witness an extraordinary ecological transition—from the cold, high-altitude alpine zones to the warm, humid edges of the tropical rainforest—making this trek a richly diverse and immersive experience.

In the following sections, you’ll find all the essential information to help you plan your journey: details on altitude, distance, route stages, and what to expect along this unforgettable adventure to Machu Picchu.

Route Information
Duration:	4 to 5 days
Distance:	60 kilometers (43.50 miles)
Difficulty:	Moderate to high, recommended for those in good physical condition.
Altitud:	Mount Salkantay: 6,271 meters above sea level Highest point of the trek: 4,650 meters above sea level (Salkantay Pass) Lowest point: 2,040 meters above sea level (Aguas Calientes)
Highlights:	Mount Salkantay, Humantay Lake, diverse Andean landscapes, flora, and fauna.

Salkantay Trek Options

For those interested in hiking the Salkantay Trail, there are several options available depending on your schedule and desired level of challenge. The most popular choices are the 5-day and 4-day treks, both of which culminate at the historic citadel of Machu Picchu. Regardless of which option you choose, your journey will end at one of Peru’s most iconic and awe-inspiring destinations.

Most specialized tour operators offer the classic 5-day version, which typically begins in Soraypampa or Challacancha. The main differences between itineraries generally lie in the overnight locations and the way daily distances are distributed.

At Peru Travel, we offer both the 5-day and 4-day routes—each carefully crafted to provide a safe, enriching, and culturally meaningful experience. Below, you’ll find the detailed itineraries for each option:

Salkantay Trek Itineraries

Days	Salkantay Trek (5 days )	Salkantay Trek (4 days )
Day 1	Cusco – Laguna Humantay – Salkantaypampa	Cusco – Laguna Humantay – Salkantaypampa
Day 2	Salkantaypampa – Wayracmachay – Collpapampa	Salkantaypampa – Wayracmachay – Collpapampa
Day 3	Collpapampa – Lucmabamba – Llactapata	Collpapampa – Hidroeléctrica – Aguas Calientes
Day 4	Llactapata – Hidroeléctrica – Aguas Calientes Machu Picchu	Machu Picchu
Day 5	Machu Picchu

Approximate Distance

• 5-Day Route: Between 60 and 74 kilometers (37.3 to 46 miles)
• 4-Day Route: Between 44 and 48 kilometers (27.3 to 30 miles)

Note: Total distance may vary depending on the specific itinerary and travel agency selected.

What to See and Do Along the Salkantay Trek

Humantay Lake: 

Nestled at the base of the majestic mountain of the same name, Humantay Lake is one of the first major highlights of the Salkantay Trek. With its striking turquoise hues, the lake is typically visited on the first day of the journey.

The hike to the lake is moderately challenging, taking about three hours round-trip. However, the effort is richly rewarded by breathtaking views and the tranquil atmosphere of this hidden gem in the Andes. Once there, visitors can relax, take in the stunning scenery, and connect with the profound sense of peace that this sacred place offers.

Salkantay Mountain: 

Standing at 6,271 meters (20,574 feet) above sea level, Mount Salkantay is the most iconic and prominent feature of the trek. Its imposing presence and snow-capped summit are visible throughout much of the journey, constantly reminding hikers of the grandeur of the Peruvian Andes.

On the second day of the trek, hikers come closest to this majestic mountain as they reach the Salkantay Pass—the highest point of the entire trail. From this vantage point, travelers can enjoy breathtaking panoramic views that enhance the overall trekking experience.

Salkantay Pass:

Situated at 4,650 meters (15,255 feet) above sea level, the Salkantay Pass marks the highest elevation of the hike. Here, trekkers are treated to stunning views of glaciers and surrounding peaks. It is common for visitors to pause at this spot to take photos or simply admire the majestic landscape.

However, proper acclimatization is highly recommended, as the altitude can have significant effects on the body.

Sleeping Under the Stars: 
One of the most memorable experiences on the Salkantay Trail is camping amidst nature. Far from the light pollution of urban areas, the night skies are often spectacular, offering clear, star-filled views on clear evenings.

Even in less favorable weather, there is usually at least one moment to gaze at the night sky. Depending on the itinerary, the first night is typically spent at Soraypampa or Salkantaypampa—locations that guarantee this unique experience.

Connection with Nature:
In terms of natural beauty, the Salkantay Trail is difficult to match among trekking routes. Its uniqueness lies in its ability to take hikers from glaciers and towering mountains to tropical forests within a single day. This variety of landscapes is truly impressive, as it seamlessly combines diverse ecosystems in one continuous journey.

Along the way, travelers have the opportunity to observe a remarkable diversity of flora and fauna, discovering unique natural features at every stage of the trek.

The Cloud Forest:
Descending from the Salkantay Pass, the landscape transforms dramatically into the high jungle or cloud forest. This zone is characterized by dense, lush vegetation, waterfalls, rivers, and exceptional biodiversity.

The trail passes through the Santa Teresa valley, known for its coffee plantations. This area is typically reached between the second and third days of the trek, just before the final stage toward Machu Picchu. By this point, hikers will have descended approximately 2,000 meters (6,561 feet) in altitude, allowing them to enjoy an environment completely different from the high mountains.

Coffee Experience:

Along the Salkantay Trail, travelers have the opportunity to visit coffee plantations located in the lower valleys. During these visits, they learn in detail about the entire process—from cultivation and harvesting to the artisanal roasting of coffee.

One of the most rewarding parts of this experience is tasting a freshly brewed cup of organic coffee, whose rich flavor is enhanced by the stunning mountain surroundings and natural setting.

The town of Santa Teresa is renowned for its high-quality organic coffee, a product exported internationally and the main source of income for many local families. Even those who are not coffee enthusiasts can appreciate and learn a great deal by observing and participating in the various stages of coffee production. For coffee lovers, this experience is truly a paradise.

Pachamanca Preparation:

Although traditionally not part of the standard Salkantay Trek itinerary, we have included this unique experience on the third day as a complement to the visit to the coffee plantations.

Pachamanca is an ancient Andean culinary tradition that involves cooking meats, potatoes, and other ingredients underground using heated stones. This cooking method, practiced for centuries by Andean communities, offers a unique and authentic gastronomic experience and allows visitors to connect directly with the rich cultural and ancestral heritage of the region.

Llactapata:

Imagining waking up in your tent with a clear and breathtaking view of Machu Picchu is undoubtedly one of the most memorable experiences on the Salkantay Trail. This is precisely why Llactapata is an essential stop along the route. From this site, it is possible to admire the majestic landscape that precedes the arrival at the famous ruins, as well as being the only Inca enclave located before Machu Picchu itself.

It is worth noting that reaching Llactapata requires overcoming a steep ascent, so physical preparation is recommended for this section of the trek.

Llactapata was part of a 15th-century Inca complex situated on a mountain ridge opposite Machu Picchu. In those times, this site served as a resting place for Inca pilgrims traveling from the sacred city toward Vilcabamba and other settlements located in the cloud forest.

Relax in the Cocalmayo Hot Springs:

After several days on the Salkantay Trail, rest becomes essential. The Cocalmayo hot springs offer an ideal place to relax and soothe tired muscles while enjoying a privileged natural setting.

These thermal baths are located in the town of Santa Teresa, just a few kilometers from Machu Picchu. It is important to mention that, like the stop at Llactapata, this visit is not always included in the standard trekking itinerary but is usually offered as an optional complementary activity. Nonetheless, it is a highly recommended experience for those seeking a well-deserved rest before concluding their journey.

Aguas Calientes:

Aguas Calientes is the last town before reaching the majestic citadel of Machu Picchu. It serves as the perfect place to rest and recharge before visiting the ruins the following day.

Additionally, Aguas Calientes offers the opportunity to explore its local market, where visitors can purchase handicrafts and regional products, as well as enjoy a diverse culinary selection featuring traditional dishes.

Machu Picchu:

Arriving at Machu Picchu is undoubtedly the most thrilling moment of the trek and the ultimate reward after completing this adventure. Exploring this world wonder is a unique experience that marks a milestone in any traveler’s journey.

Those who choose the 4- or 5-day itineraries will be able to explore the archaeological site through circuits 2 or 3, which allow visits to the most iconic and significant areas of the Inca city.

Best Time to Hike the Salkantay Trek:

The dry season, from May to October, is the most suitable period to undertake the Salkantay Trek to Machu Picchu. During these months, the weather tends to be more stable, with clear skies and a lower chance of rain, creating optimal conditions for trekking and allowing travelers to enjoy spectacular views.

Climate:

The climate along the Salkantay Trek varies significantly depending on the time of year and the different altitudes crossed along the route. For example, December generally features calm and dry conditions, whereas May can bring increased heat and humidity.

Since the route passes through both cold and warm climate zones, it is common to experience sudden temperature changes within the same day. For this reason, it is essential to be prepared for diverse weather conditions throughout the journey.

In the Cusco region:

the climate is mainly divided into two seasons: the rainy season, from November to April, and the dry season, from May to October. Keeping this in mind when planning your trip will help you make the most of this unforgettable experience.

What is the difficulty level of the Salkantay Trek?

The route is accessible to most people, provided they maintain a moderate level of physical fitness to complete it without major difficulties. It is not necessary to be an expert hiker, but regular physical activity is important.

If you have not prepared in advance, it is recommended to engage in exercises and walks beforehand to minimize possible setbacks during the trek.

A months-long intensive training is not required, but it is advisable to take walks lasting one to two hours regularly, gradually increasing both frequency and duration as the trekking date approaches. Complementary activities such as running, stationary biking, or gym workouts can also be very helpful.

Weekend hikes, or at least twice a month, on routes with inclines are suggested to get accustomed to the physical effort required for this journey.

How to prepare for the Salkantay Trek

To fully enjoy this experience, it is important to follow some key recommendations beforehand:

Train your body: Engage in regular walks and endurance exercises to strengthen your legs and improve overall physical fitness.
Acclimate to the altitude: It is advisable to arrive in Cusco several days before starting the trek to allow proper acclimatization and reduce the risk of altitude sickness.
Pack what you need: Bring layered warm clothing, comfortable hiking boots, a quality sleeping bag, sunscreen, and items to stay hydrated during the trek.
Stay well hydrated: Drink plenty of water before and during the trek to avoid dehydration and minimize the effects of altitude.
Eat properly: Maintain a balanced diet in the days leading up to the trek, prioritizing energy-rich and nutritious foods that support physical performance.
Maintain a positive attitude: Prepare yourself for the physical challenges of the trek, but also take time to enjoy the experience and your connection with nature.

What do I need for the Salkantay Trek?

• Comfortable and durable trekking shoes.
• Warm, layered clothing, including waterproof garments for cold weather.
• Raincoat or poncho.
• Sunscreen and a hat to protect against sun exposure.
• Sunglasses.
• Reusable water bottle to stay hydrated.
• Energy snacks to replenish strength during the hike.
• Basic first aid kit.
• Trekking poles (optional, but recommended for better stability).
• Headlamp with spare batteries.
• Camera or mobile phone with portable charger.
• Insect repellent.
• Cash for additional or unforeseen expenses.

Why choose the Salkantay Trek?

The Salkantay Trek in Peru is an ideal choice for those seeking an authentic adventure to Machu Picchu. This route offers spectacular landscapes ranging from glaciers to tropical jungles, and unlike the Inca Trail, it does not require special permits other than the entrance ticket to Machu Picchu. It also presents a physical challenge that is richly rewarded with breathtaking views, making it a unique experience in the Andes.

Highlights of the Trek

No special permit is needed to hike the trail, although entrance tickets to Machu Picchu are required.
The route can be undertaken multiple times, usually starting near the village of Soraypampa.
The Salkantay Trek is an unforgettable experience that captivates any adventurer with its impressive natural beauty.
Along the way, hikers can admire the majestic presence of Mount Salkantay and visit traditional Andean villages, where locals warmly welcome visitors.
The trek offers some of the most spectacular views in Peru, from lush tropical forests to challenging mountain passes, and allows for a deep connection with local culture.

More facts about Salkantay

Besides being famous for its iconic trekking route, Salkantay is also internationally recognized among expert climbers. Its steep slopes and imposing height make it a significant challenge for those daring enough to summit it.

The first ascent of Mount Salkantay was accomplished by a Franco-American team in 1952. Since then, only 21 climbers have reached the summit, making it one of the most difficult mountains to climb in Peru. Because of these factors, few attempt it, which only adds to its prestige and mystery.

Climbing History of Salkantay Mountain

Renowned for its difficulty and breathtaking majesty, Salkantay Mountain has been summited by only a select group of climbers since the first successful ascent in 1952. What follows are the key milestones that mark the legacy of those who have dared to conquer one of Peru’s most formidable peaks:

1. First Ascent (1952): Disputed between climbers Bronimann and Marx, and a Franco-American expedition
2. Second Ascent (1953): Lionel Terray (France).
3. Third Ascent (1965): Takeshi Rito, Seihei Iwama, Mitsumasa Miyamoto, Tetsuju Kawada, Masami Ogawa, Yoshiaki Sawa, and Reiji Horie (Japan).
4. Fourth Ascent (1968): Franz Hawelka, Bruno Klausbruckner, Wolfgang Axt, and Saxinger (Austria).
5. Fifth Ascent (1968): Yukihiko Kato, Hideo Kato, Isao Asahi, and Noriaki Soga (Japan).
6. Sixth Ascent (1970): Dr. Fritz Weidmann, Manfred Rogge, and Herbert Karasek (Germany).
7. Seventh Ascent (1970): Bernard Cabane and Benoit Finet (France).
8. Eighth Ascent (1973): Piotr Malinowski and Ryszard Szafirski (Poland).
9. Ninth Ascent (1973): Michael Andrews, Peter Jennings, and Wayne Barton (Australia).
10. Tenth Ascent (1977): Dr. Mario Quattrini, Giorgio Marconi, Antonio Mangononi, Consuelo Bonaldi, Franco Nodari, Sergio Castellani, and Augusto Zanotti (Italy).
11. Eleventh Ascent (1978): Libor Anderle, Zoran Brešlin, Marjan Brišar, Edi Torkar, Jure Žvan, and Jure Ulcar (Yugoslavia).
12. Twelfth Ascent (1978): Roberto Morales Puebla and another climber (Mexico).
13. Thirteenth Ascent (1978): Jesús María Rodríguez, José Luis Conde, Jesús María Barandiarán, and the Iñigo brothers (Spain).
14. Fourteenth Ascent (1980): Tomio Shimada and Chokuto Alpine Club (Japan).
15. Fifteenth Ascent (1981): Herbert Ziegenhardt, Elmar Fries (Germany), Theo Dowbenka, Rudolf Friedhuber, and Martin Klein (Austria).
16. Sixteenth Ascent (1981): Peter Getzels (United States).
17. Seventeenth Ascent (1983): Niko and Slavko Novak (Yugoslavia).
18. Eighteenth Ascent (1983): Tine Bucik, Slavko Frantar, Vanja Matijevic, and Lado Vidmar (Yugoslavia).
19. Nineteenth Ascent (1986): Pete Leeming, Mark Lowe, Duncan Francis, Paul Harris, and Keith Milne (United Kingdom).
20. Twentieth Ascent (2013): Nathan Heald, Thomas Ryan (United States), and Luis Crispín Quispe (Peru). Luis Crispín became the first Peruvian to reach the summit.
21. Twenty-first Ascent (2013): Nathan Heald, James Lissy (United States), and Edwin Espinoza Sotelo (Peru). Edwin Espinoza became the second Peruvian to summit, and Nathan Heald remains the only climber to have ascended Mount Salkantay twice.

Biodiversity on the Salkantay Route

The Salkantay route stands out not only for its stunning scenic beauty and natural challenges but also for its rich biodiversity. Along the trek, which crosses high mountain passes and cloud forests, you will encounter a variety of ecosystems that shelter numerous species of flora and fauna, many of them protected within the Machu Picchu Archaeological Park.

Although the number of visitors can limit animal sightings, with patience and a bit of luck, hikers can observe various species, especially birds, that contribute to the natural charm of this trekking experience.

Notable Wildlife:

• Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus):

The Andean condor is the largest flying bird in the world and one of the most iconic natural symbols of the Andes. It nests on rocky cliffs and is often seen majestically soaring in search of food. Its black plumage with white patches on the wings and neck makes it easily identifiable.

• Spectacled Bear (Tremarctos ornatus):

Though sightings are rare due to its elusive nature, encountering a spectacled bear is a unique experience. This species inhabits the forested and mountainous areas near Machu Picchu. It is named for the distinctive white markings around its eyes, resembling glasses.

• Hummingbirds:

The cloud forest along the Salkantay route is home to numerous hummingbird species—small, colorful birds that bring life and motion to the ecosystem. Along with hummingbirds, you may also see toucans, the Andean cock-of-the-rock, parrots, and many other bird species that enrich the natural trekking experience.

• Vizcacha (Lagidium spp.):

A close relative of the chinchilla, the vizcacha is often called the “Andean rabbit.” It is characterized by long ears, a sturdy body, and a curled tail. They are commonly seen resting on rocks or hopping between them, especially around Machu Picchu and the rocky areas of the trail.

• Flora Along the Salkantay Route

The cloud forests and Andean zones that the Salkantay route traverses are a true paradise for nature lovers. The diversity of plant species is impressive, and as you descend from the snow-capped peaks to warmer valleys, the vegetation becomes denser and more lush, showcasing a wide variety of species adapted to different altitudes and climates.

Among the most notable plants are orchids. The route and nearby areas of the Machu Picchu sanctuary harbor a vast diversity of orchids, celebrated for their beauty and variety of shapes, sizes, and colors. During the hike, attentive trekkers may find species such as Epidendrum, Pleurothallis, Sobralia, and Wakanki—all indicators of healthy ecosystems.

Mount Salkantay and Climate Change:

An Urgent Reality The majestic snow-capped Mount Salkantay is undoubtedly one of the greatest attractions for travelers heading to Machu Picchu. Beyond its tourist and cultural significance, it faces a worrying reality: the glacier crowning this mountain is melting at an alarming rate.

In the past four decades, Mount Salkantay has lost over 60% of its glacial surface. This accelerated melting is a clear consequence of global climate change. The shrinking glaciers not only alter the spectacular mountain landscape but also threaten the freshwater sources that feed rivers and streams essential to local communities, regional biodiversity, and the hydroelectric plant supplying Machu Picchu and surrounding areas.

The glacier’s disappearance affects water availability during the dry season, directly impacting agriculture, human consumption, and ecosystem conservation. Therefore, it is vital to raise awareness about this issue and promote environmental care and sustainability efforts by both visitors and locals.

Protecting Mount Salkantay means safeguarding an invaluable natural heritage that defines the cultural and ecological identity of the Peruvian Andes and sustains the lives of thousands.

The rapid glacial melt also increases the risk of avalanches and landslides, posing significant threats to nearby populations and ecosystems. While initially causing a temporary rise in water flow, this effect is short-lived; over time, water supply will drastically decrease, affecting farming, livestock, and daily consumption.

Each year, thousands of tourists visit the Salkantay and Humantay glaciers, making it urgent to balance tourism with environmental conservation. Experts recommend sustainable management that includes protecting water resources and stricter visitor regulations. Without immediate, concrete actions, these magnificent landscapes attracting travelers worldwide could disappear, leaving behind a dry and desolate land.